防止電力生產事故的二十五項重點要求(2023版)
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防止電力生產事故的二十五項重點要求(2023版)
防止電力生產事故的二十五項重點要求(2023版)
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防止電力生產事故的二十五項重點要求
(2023 版)
國家能源局
二〇二三年三月目 錄
1 防止人身傷亡事故的重點要求....................................................................................................1
1.1 防止高處墜落事故.............................................................................................................1
1.2 防止觸電事故.....................................................................................................................3
1.3 防止物體打擊事故.............................................................................................................6
1.4 防止機械傷害事故.............................................................................................................7
1.5 防止灼燙傷害事故.............................................................................................................8
1.6 防止起重傷害事故.............................................................................................................9
1.7 防止坍塌傷害事故...........................................................................................................11
1.8 防止中毒窒息事故...........................................................................................................12
1.9 防止電力生產交通事故...................................................................................................15
1.10 防止電力生產淹溺事故.................................................................................................16
1.11 防止煙氣脫硫設備及其系統中人身傷亡事故.............................................................17
1.12 防止液氨儲罐泄漏、中毒、爆炸傷人事故.................................................................17
2 防止火災事故的重點要求..........................................................................................................19
2.1 加強防火組織與消防設施管理.......................................................................................19
2.2 防止發電廠電纜著火事故...............................................................................................21
2.3 防止汽機油系統著火事故...............................................................................................23
2.4 防止燃油罐區及鍋爐油系統著火事故...........................................................................24
2.5 防止制粉系統爆炸事故...................................................................................................24
2.6 防止氫氣系統爆炸事故...................................................................................................25
2.7 防止輸煤皮帶著火事故...................................................................................................25
2.8 防止脫硫、濕除系統著火事故.......................................................................................26
2.9 防止氨系統著火爆炸事故...............................................................................................27
2.10 防止天然氣系統著火爆炸事故.....................................................................................28
2.11 防止風力發電機組著火事故.........................................................................................30
2.12 防止電化學儲能電站火災事故.....................................................................................32
3 防止電氣誤操作事故的重點要求..............................................................................................33
3.1防誤操作技術措施............................................................................................................33
3.2防誤操作管理措施............................................................................................................35
4 防止系統穩定破壞事故的重點要求..........................................................................................35
4.1 加強電源支撐能力...........................................................................................................35
4.2 加強系統網架結構...........................................................................................................37
4.3 加強系統穩定分析及管理...............................................................................................38
4.4 增強電力監控系統(二次系統)可靠性.......................................................................39
4.5 防止系統無功電壓穩定破壞...........................................................................................40
4.6 加強大面積停電恢復能力...............................................................................................41
5 防止機網協調及風電機組、光伏逆變器大面積脫網事故的重點要求..................................41
5.1 防止機網協調事故...........................................................................................................41
5.2 防止風電機組、光伏逆變器大面積脫網事故...............................................................46
6 防止鍋爐事故的重點要求..........................................................................................................49
6.1 防止鍋爐尾部再次燃燒事故...........................................................................................49
I6.2 防止鍋爐爐膛爆炸事故...................................................................................................54
6.3 防止制粉系統爆炸和煤塵爆炸事故...............................................................................59
6.4 防止鍋爐滿水和缺水事故...............................................................................................62
6.5 防止鍋爐承壓部件失效事故...........................................................................................65
6.6 防止農林生物質發電事故...............................................................................................72
7 防止壓力容器等承壓設備爆破事故的重點要求......................................................................73
7.1 防止承壓設備超壓事故...................................................................................................73
7.2 防止氫罐等壓力容器爆炸事故.......................................................................................74
7.3 防止壓力容器脫檢漏檢...................................................................................................75
7.4 防止壓力容器違規使用...................................................................................................75
8 防止汽輪機、燃氣輪機事故的重點要求..................................................................................76
8.1 防止汽輪機超速事故.......................................................................................................76
8.2 防止汽輪機軸系斷裂及損壞事故...................................................................................77
8.3 防止汽輪機大軸彎曲事故...............................................................................................79
8.4 防止汽輪機、燃氣輪機軸瓦損壞事故...........................................................................82
8.5 防止燃氣輪機超速事故...................................................................................................84
8.6 防止燃氣輪機軸系斷裂及損壞事故...............................................................................85
8.7 防止燃氣輪機燃氣系統泄漏爆炸事故...........................................................................88
9 防止分散控制系統失靈事故的重點要求..................................................................................90
9.1 防止分散控制系統供電系統事故...................................................................................90
9.2 防止分散控制系統硬件事故...........................................................................................91
9.3 防止就地熱工設備異常引發事故...................................................................................92
9.4 防止因檢修、維護不當引發事故...................................................................................94
9.5 防止保護系統失靈事故...................................................................................................94
9.6 防止模擬量調節事故.......................................................................................................96
9.7 防止RB系統事故............................................................................................................96
9.8 防止分散控制系統網絡事故...........................................................................................96
9.9 防止水電廠(站)計算機監控系統事故.......................................................................97
9.10 防止水機保護失靈.......................................................................................................100
9.11 主控系統失靈的緊急處理措施...................................................................................102
10 防止發電機及調相機損壞事故的重點要求..........................................................................102
10.1 防止定子繞組故障.......................................................................................................102
10.2 防止定子鐵心故障.......................................................................................................104
10.3 防止轉子繞組故障.......................................................................................................105
10.4 防止轉子大軸及護環損傷...........................................................................................107
10.5 防止內冷水系統故障...................................................................................................108
10.6 防止發生局部過熱.......................................................................................................110
10.7 防止氫冷發電機漏氫...................................................................................................111
10.8 防止勵磁系統故障引起設備損壞...............................................................................113
10.9 防止出線及外部回路設備故障...................................................................................114
10.10 防止非正常運行造成設備損壞.................................................................................116
10.11 防止水輪發電機啟停故障.........................................................................................117
10.12 加強在線監測裝置運行管理.....................................................................................118
10.13 防止檢修不當造成設備損壞.....................................................................................118
II11 防止發電機勵磁系統事故的重點要求..................................................................................119
11.1 勵磁系統設計的重點要求...........................................................................................119
11.2 勵磁系統基建安裝及設備改造的重點要求...............................................................120
11.3 勵磁系統調整試驗的重點要求...................................................................................121
11.4 勵磁系統運行安全的重點要求...................................................................................122
12 防止大型變壓器和互感器損壞事故的重點要求..................................................................123
12.1 防止變壓器出口短路事故...........................................................................................123
12.2 防止變壓器絕緣事故...................................................................................................124
12.3 防止變壓器保護事故...................................................................................................125
12.4 防止分接開關事故.......................................................................................................125
12.5 防止變壓器套管事故...................................................................................................126
(2023 版)
國家能源局
二〇二三年三月目 錄
1 防止人身傷亡事故的重點要求....................................................................................................1
1.1 防止高處墜落事故.............................................................................................................1
1.2 防止觸電事故.....................................................................................................................3
1.3 防止物體打擊事故.............................................................................................................6
1.4 防止機械傷害事故.............................................................................................................7
1.5 防止灼燙傷害事故.............................................................................................................8
1.6 防止起重傷害事故.............................................................................................................9
1.7 防止坍塌傷害事故...........................................................................................................11
1.8 防止中毒窒息事故...........................................................................................................12
1.9 防止電力生產交通事故...................................................................................................15
1.10 防止電力生產淹溺事故.................................................................................................16
1.11 防止煙氣脫硫設備及其系統中人身傷亡事故.............................................................17
1.12 防止液氨儲罐泄漏、中毒、爆炸傷人事故.................................................................17
2 防止火災事故的重點要求..........................................................................................................19
2.1 加強防火組織與消防設施管理.......................................................................................19
2.2 防止發電廠電纜著火事故...............................................................................................21
2.3 防止汽機油系統著火事故...............................................................................................23
2.4 防止燃油罐區及鍋爐油系統著火事故...........................................................................24
2.5 防止制粉系統爆炸事故...................................................................................................24
2.6 防止氫氣系統爆炸事故...................................................................................................25
2.7 防止輸煤皮帶著火事故...................................................................................................25
2.8 防止脫硫、濕除系統著火事故.......................................................................................26
2.9 防止氨系統著火爆炸事故...............................................................................................27
2.10 防止天然氣系統著火爆炸事故.....................................................................................28
2.11 防止風力發電機組著火事故.........................................................................................30
2.12 防止電化學儲能電站火災事故.....................................................................................32
3 防止電氣誤操作事故的重點要求..............................................................................................33
3.1防誤操作技術措施............................................................................................................33
3.2防誤操作管理措施............................................................................................................35
4 防止系統穩定破壞事故的重點要求..........................................................................................35
4.1 加強電源支撐能力...........................................................................................................35
4.2 加強系統網架結構...........................................................................................................37
4.3 加強系統穩定分析及管理...............................................................................................38
4.4 增強電力監控系統(二次系統)可靠性.......................................................................39
4.5 防止系統無功電壓穩定破壞...........................................................................................40
4.6 加強大面積停電恢復能力...............................................................................................41
5 防止機網協調及風電機組、光伏逆變器大面積脫網事故的重點要求..................................41
5.1 防止機網協調事故...........................................................................................................41
5.2 防止風電機組、光伏逆變器大面積脫網事故...............................................................46
6 防止鍋爐事故的重點要求..........................................................................................................49
6.1 防止鍋爐尾部再次燃燒事故...........................................................................................49
I6.2 防止鍋爐爐膛爆炸事故...................................................................................................54
6.3 防止制粉系統爆炸和煤塵爆炸事故...............................................................................59
6.4 防止鍋爐滿水和缺水事故...............................................................................................62
6.5 防止鍋爐承壓部件失效事故...........................................................................................65
6.6 防止農林生物質發電事故...............................................................................................72
7 防止壓力容器等承壓設備爆破事故的重點要求......................................................................73
7.1 防止承壓設備超壓事故...................................................................................................73
7.2 防止氫罐等壓力容器爆炸事故.......................................................................................74
7.3 防止壓力容器脫檢漏檢...................................................................................................75
7.4 防止壓力容器違規使用...................................................................................................75
8 防止汽輪機、燃氣輪機事故的重點要求..................................................................................76
8.1 防止汽輪機超速事故.......................................................................................................76
8.2 防止汽輪機軸系斷裂及損壞事故...................................................................................77
8.3 防止汽輪機大軸彎曲事故...............................................................................................79
8.4 防止汽輪機、燃氣輪機軸瓦損壞事故...........................................................................82
8.5 防止燃氣輪機超速事故...................................................................................................84
8.6 防止燃氣輪機軸系斷裂及損壞事故...............................................................................85
8.7 防止燃氣輪機燃氣系統泄漏爆炸事故...........................................................................88
9 防止分散控制系統失靈事故的重點要求..................................................................................90
9.1 防止分散控制系統供電系統事故...................................................................................90
9.2 防止分散控制系統硬件事故...........................................................................................91
9.3 防止就地熱工設備異常引發事故...................................................................................92
9.4 防止因檢修、維護不當引發事故...................................................................................94
9.5 防止保護系統失靈事故...................................................................................................94
9.6 防止模擬量調節事故.......................................................................................................96
9.7 防止RB系統事故............................................................................................................96
9.8 防止分散控制系統網絡事故...........................................................................................96
9.9 防止水電廠(站)計算機監控系統事故.......................................................................97
9.10 防止水機保護失靈.......................................................................................................100
9.11 主控系統失靈的緊急處理措施...................................................................................102
10 防止發電機及調相機損壞事故的重點要求..........................................................................102
10.1 防止定子繞組故障.......................................................................................................102
10.2 防止定子鐵心故障.......................................................................................................104
10.3 防止轉子繞組故障.......................................................................................................105
10.4 防止轉子大軸及護環損傷...........................................................................................107
10.5 防止內冷水系統故障...................................................................................................108
10.6 防止發生局部過熱.......................................................................................................110
10.7 防止氫冷發電機漏氫...................................................................................................111
10.8 防止勵磁系統故障引起設備損壞...............................................................................113
10.9 防止出線及外部回路設備故障...................................................................................114
10.10 防止非正常運行造成設備損壞.................................................................................116
10.11 防止水輪發電機啟停故障.........................................................................................117
10.12 加強在線監測裝置運行管理.....................................................................................118
10.13 防止檢修不當造成設備損壞.....................................................................................118
II11 防止發電機勵磁系統事故的重點要求..................................................................................119
11.1 勵磁系統設計的重點要求...........................................................................................119
11.2 勵磁系統基建安裝及設備改造的重點要求...............................................................120
11.3 勵磁系統調整試驗的重點要求...................................................................................121
11.4 勵磁系統運行安全的重點要求...................................................................................122
12 防止大型變壓器和互感器損壞事故的重點要求..................................................................123
12.1 防止變壓器出口短路事故...........................................................................................123
12.2 防止變壓器絕緣事故...................................................................................................124
12.3 防止變壓器保護事故...................................................................................................125
12.4 防止分接開關事故.......................................................................................................125
12.5 防止變壓器套管事故...................................................................................................126
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