CNCA/CTS0016-2015 并網光伏電站性能檢測與質量評估技術規范
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CNCA/CTS0016-2015 并網光伏電站性能檢測與質量評估技術規范
CNCA/CTS0016-2015 并網光伏電站性能檢測與質量評估技術規范
文本預覽
ICS CQC
CQC/XNY-0010：2012
中國質量認證中心認證技術規范
CNCA/CTS0016-2015
并網光伏電站性能檢測與質量
評估技術規范
Guideline of Performance Testing and Quality Assessment for Grid-connected PV
Power Plants
2015-xx-xx 發布 2015-xx-xx 實施
中 國 質 量 認 證 中 心 發 布CNCA/CTS0016-2015
目 錄
前 言...........................................................................................................................................................II
1 范圍.................................................................................................................................................3
2 規范性引用文件.............................................................................................................................3
3 術語和定義.....................................................................................................................................4
4 實時參數監測、處理和存儲.........................................................................................................6
4.1 采樣、存儲、報表..................................................................................................................................6
4.2 氣象環境參數..........................................................................................................................................6
4.3 電氣參數的檢測......................................................................................................................................7
4.3.1 直流電壓、電流和功率的監測....................................................................................................7
4.3.2 交流電壓、電流和功率的監測....................................................................................................7
4.3.3 電能質量和功率因數的監測........................................................................................................8
4.4 無效數據處理..........................................................................................................................................8
4.5測試基準...................................................................................................................................................8
4.5.1 光伏組件功率基準.........................................................................................................................8
4.5.2積塵遮擋基準........................................................................................................................................8
5 文件和資料收集.............................................................................................................................9
5.1 文件收集..................................................................................................................................................9
5.2運行數據收集...........................................................................................................................................9
6 光伏電站總體性能評估.................................................................................................................9
6.1 一般要求..................................................................................................................................................9
6.2數據要求...................................................................................................................................................9
6.3 光伏電站能效比（PR）.......................................................................................................................10
6.4 光伏電站標準能效比PRstc.................................................................................................................10
7 現場檢測規則...............................................................................................................................10
7.1抽樣原則.................................................................................................................................................10
7.1.1采用集中逆變器的光伏電站抽樣原則.............................................................................................10
7.1.2 采用組串逆變器的光伏電站抽樣原則.............................................................................................11
7.2 檢測基本條件和修正原則....................................................................................................................12
7.3 光強和結溫的測量和修正....................................................................................................................12
7.3.1光強的測量和修正..............................................................................................................................12
7.3.2 溫度的測量和修正.............................................................................................................................13
7.4 電流、電壓和功率的修正計算公式...................................................................................................13
8 光伏電站質量檢查.......................................................................................................................14
8.1 一般要求................................................................................................................................................14
8.2實際安裝功率核查.................................................................................................................................14
8.3 光伏容量和逆變器容量配比核查.......................................................................................................14
8.4 光伏組件目測質量核查........................................................................................................................14
8.5 支架安裝形式，支架材料，防腐蝕措施和質量...............................................................................15
8.6 方陣基礎形式........................................................................................................................................16
8.7光伏陣列排列方式和安裝質量.............................................................................................................16
8.8 直流電纜質量........................................................................................................................................16
ICNCA/CTS0016-2015
8.8電纜鋪設質量.........................................................................................................................................16
8.10 匯流箱的安裝位置、安裝質量和功能.............................................................................................17
8.11 匯流箱內正負極間的電氣間隙/爬電距離........................................................................................17
8.12 逆變器安裝集中度，機房的安裝位置，通風條件和建設質量.....................................................17
8.13 變壓器的類型、安裝位置和安裝質量.............................................................................................17
8.14 防雷接地安裝方式和安裝質量..........................................................................................................17
8.15 電站圍欄形式、高度和建設質量..............................................................................................17
8.16 光伏方陣清洗方案和用水量..............................................................................................................17
8.17 環境評估..............................................................................................................................................17
8.18 標識檢查..............................................................................................................................................18
9 光伏電站性能測試.......................................................................................................................18
9.2 光伏組件紅外（IR）掃描檢查............................................................................................................18
9.3 光伏系統污漬和灰塵遮擋損失............................................................................................................18
9.4 光伏陣列溫升損失................................................................................................................................19
9.5 光伏組件功率衰降................................................................................................................................20
9.6 光伏組件的電致發光（EL）檢測（可選）......................................................................................21
9.7 光伏系統串并聯失配損失....................................................................................................................21
9.7.2 組串內光伏組件的串聯失配損失..............................................................................................21
9.7.3多個組串并聯的失配損失..................................................................................................................22
9.7.4 多個匯流箱并聯的失配損失......................................................................................................22
9.7.5 各組串到組串逆變器的并聯失配....................................................................................................22
9.8 直流線損................................................................................................................................................23
9.8.2 光伏組串到匯流箱的直流線損........................................................................................................23
9.8.3 匯流箱到逆變器的直流線損.............................................................................................................24
9.8.4 光伏組串到組串逆變器的直流線損................................................................................................25
9.9 光伏陣列之間遮擋損失........................................................................................................................26
9.10交流線損...............................................................................................................................................26
9.10.1 采用集中逆變器的交流線損........................................................................................................26
9.10.2 采用組串逆變器的交流線損........................................................................................................26
9.11 逆變器效率..........................................................................................................................................27
9.12 逆變器MPPT效率（可選）.............................................................................................................28
9.13 就地升壓變壓器效率..........................................................................................................................28
9.14光伏方陣絕緣性...................................................................................................................................30
9.15 接地連續性檢測..................................................................................................................................30
9.16 電網接入性能測試..............................................................................................................................31
9.16.2有功/無功功率控制能力..................................................................................................................32
9.16.3 防孤島...............................................................................................................................................32
9.16.4 低電壓穿越（輸電網接入時檢測，可選）..................................................................................32
9.16.5 電壓/頻率適應能力驗證（輸電網接入時檢測，可選）.............................................................32
10 檢測結果匯總...............................................................................................................................32
11 光伏電站性能檢測及質量評估報告樣本...................................................................................34
附件1：光伏電站性能檢測和質量評估檢查/測試流程..........................................................................35
附件2 光伏電站數據監測系統數據存儲格式..........................................................................................38
附件3 光伏電站基本信息表......................................................................................................................43
IICNCA/CTS0016-2015
前 言
為推動我國光伏產業的健康發展，合理設置并網光伏電站的監測系統，規范并網光伏電站技
CQC/XNY-0010：2012
中國質量認證中心認證技術規范
CNCA/CTS0016-2015
并網光伏電站性能檢測與質量
評估技術規范
Guideline of Performance Testing and Quality Assessment for Grid-connected PV
Power Plants
2015-xx-xx 發布 2015-xx-xx 實施
中 國 質 量 認 證 中 心 發 布CNCA/CTS0016-2015
目 錄
前 言...........................................................................................................................................................II
1 范圍.................................................................................................................................................3
2 規范性引用文件.............................................................................................................................3
3 術語和定義.....................................................................................................................................4
4 實時參數監測、處理和存儲.........................................................................................................6
4.1 采樣、存儲、報表..................................................................................................................................6
4.2 氣象環境參數..........................................................................................................................................6
4.3 電氣參數的檢測......................................................................................................................................7
4.3.1 直流電壓、電流和功率的監測....................................................................................................7
4.3.2 交流電壓、電流和功率的監測....................................................................................................7
4.3.3 電能質量和功率因數的監測........................................................................................................8
4.4 無效數據處理..........................................................................................................................................8
4.5測試基準...................................................................................................................................................8
4.5.1 光伏組件功率基準.........................................................................................................................8
4.5.2積塵遮擋基準........................................................................................................................................8
5 文件和資料收集.............................................................................................................................9
5.1 文件收集..................................................................................................................................................9
5.2運行數據收集...........................................................................................................................................9
6 光伏電站總體性能評估.................................................................................................................9
6.1 一般要求..................................................................................................................................................9
6.2數據要求...................................................................................................................................................9
6.3 光伏電站能效比（PR）.......................................................................................................................10
6.4 光伏電站標準能效比PRstc.................................................................................................................10
7 現場檢測規則...............................................................................................................................10
7.1抽樣原則.................................................................................................................................................10
7.1.1采用集中逆變器的光伏電站抽樣原則.............................................................................................10
7.1.2 采用組串逆變器的光伏電站抽樣原則.............................................................................................11
7.2 檢測基本條件和修正原則....................................................................................................................12
7.3 光強和結溫的測量和修正....................................................................................................................12
7.3.1光強的測量和修正..............................................................................................................................12
7.3.2 溫度的測量和修正.............................................................................................................................13
7.4 電流、電壓和功率的修正計算公式...................................................................................................13
8 光伏電站質量檢查.......................................................................................................................14
8.1 一般要求................................................................................................................................................14
8.2實際安裝功率核查.................................................................................................................................14
8.3 光伏容量和逆變器容量配比核查.......................................................................................................14
8.4 光伏組件目測質量核查........................................................................................................................14
8.5 支架安裝形式，支架材料，防腐蝕措施和質量...............................................................................15
8.6 方陣基礎形式........................................................................................................................................16
8.7光伏陣列排列方式和安裝質量.............................................................................................................16
8.8 直流電纜質量........................................................................................................................................16
ICNCA/CTS0016-2015
8.8電纜鋪設質量.........................................................................................................................................16
8.10 匯流箱的安裝位置、安裝質量和功能.............................................................................................17
8.11 匯流箱內正負極間的電氣間隙/爬電距離........................................................................................17
8.12 逆變器安裝集中度，機房的安裝位置，通風條件和建設質量.....................................................17
8.13 變壓器的類型、安裝位置和安裝質量.............................................................................................17
8.14 防雷接地安裝方式和安裝質量..........................................................................................................17
8.15 電站圍欄形式、高度和建設質量..............................................................................................17
8.16 光伏方陣清洗方案和用水量..............................................................................................................17
8.17 環境評估..............................................................................................................................................17
8.18 標識檢查..............................................................................................................................................18
9 光伏電站性能測試.......................................................................................................................18
9.2 光伏組件紅外（IR）掃描檢查............................................................................................................18
9.3 光伏系統污漬和灰塵遮擋損失............................................................................................................18
9.4 光伏陣列溫升損失................................................................................................................................19
9.5 光伏組件功率衰降................................................................................................................................20
9.6 光伏組件的電致發光（EL）檢測（可選）......................................................................................21
9.7 光伏系統串并聯失配損失....................................................................................................................21
9.7.2 組串內光伏組件的串聯失配損失..............................................................................................21
9.7.3多個組串并聯的失配損失..................................................................................................................22
9.7.4 多個匯流箱并聯的失配損失......................................................................................................22
9.7.5 各組串到組串逆變器的并聯失配....................................................................................................22
9.8 直流線損................................................................................................................................................23
9.8.2 光伏組串到匯流箱的直流線損........................................................................................................23
9.8.3 匯流箱到逆變器的直流線損.............................................................................................................24
9.8.4 光伏組串到組串逆變器的直流線損................................................................................................25
9.9 光伏陣列之間遮擋損失........................................................................................................................26
9.10交流線損...............................................................................................................................................26
9.10.1 采用集中逆變器的交流線損........................................................................................................26
9.10.2 采用組串逆變器的交流線損........................................................................................................26
9.11 逆變器效率..........................................................................................................................................27
9.12 逆變器MPPT效率（可選）.............................................................................................................28
9.13 就地升壓變壓器效率..........................................................................................................................28
9.14光伏方陣絕緣性...................................................................................................................................30
9.15 接地連續性檢測..................................................................................................................................30
9.16 電網接入性能測試..............................................................................................................................31
9.16.2有功/無功功率控制能力..................................................................................................................32
9.16.3 防孤島...............................................................................................................................................32
9.16.4 低電壓穿越（輸電網接入時檢測，可選）..................................................................................32
9.16.5 電壓/頻率適應能力驗證（輸電網接入時檢測，可選）.............................................................32
10 檢測結果匯總...............................................................................................................................32
11 光伏電站性能檢測及質量評估報告樣本...................................................................................34
附件1：光伏電站性能檢測和質量評估檢查/測試流程..........................................................................35
附件2 光伏電站數據監測系統數據存儲格式..........................................................................................38
附件3 光伏電站基本信息表......................................................................................................................43
IICNCA/CTS0016-2015
前 言
為推動我國光伏產業的健康發展，合理設置并網光伏電站的監測系統，規范并網光伏電站技
